Nov 10, 2016 the bluebook specifically prohibits the use of et seq. Remember that when citing to an annotated code, cite only to the text of the statute, not to any of the annotations or other editorial enhancements. For further information on federal statutes, please click here. Many of the complicated variations on rules are not shown in these samples. For more detailed codes research information, including annotations and citations, please visit westlaw. The precise format of a statutory citation depends on a number of factors. In a continuation of last weeks article should we use italics or underline. The answer to your question may vary depending on what your states style sheet says, if in fact your state has adopted one. However, the basic format of a statutory citation is as follows. Basic legal citation starting points most lawyers and law students seem to think that properly citing legal materials is a nightmare. Bluebook legal referencing citing federal statutes proofed. A uniform system of citation, a style guide, prescribes the most widely used legal citation system in the united states. Jun 18, 2014 in a continuation of last weeks article should we use italics or underline. Citing secondary sources sample bluebook citations.
Italicize the lowercase letter l in a citation to distinguish it from the number 1. A number of sources are available to help you become proficient and professional in the art of legal citation. As for the fun symbol, i dont think the author is arguing for more use of the full word section when referencing legal authority. When citing to one of the unofficial annotated codes you need to indicate which set you used by identifying the publisher at the end of the cite. Used in legal writing, it is common to provide references to rules, laws, codes, and other writings. Uniform act to secure the attendance of witnesses from without a state in criminal proceedings n. It is a monstrous growth, remote from the functional need for legal citation forms, that serves obscure needs of the legal culture and its student subculture. Public domain legal citations justia law blog december. For an apa style reference list, treat legal citations as works with no authors. Effective january 1, 2008, however, california rule of court, rule 1. For california statutes, the bluebook allows citations to deerings california codes annotated available in print and on lexis or wests annotated california codes available in print and on westlaw. False bluebook rules control for all situations, even superseding court rules relating to citation form.
Jul 19, 2019 if you are citing a federal statute currently in force, the bluebook dictates that you cite to the united states code if it contains the current version of a statute rule 12. It is used to refer to a page citation that continues on the pages that follow, or a statutory section or subsection and the sections or. Ordinances can be enacted by cities, towns, or villages. How to cite legal materials follow the bluebook style, as closely as you can. Within each general class of signal, signals are arranged in order of greatest to least direct relation to the assertion so a signal indicating a direct quote would come before one indicating an inferential step. The following samples cover basic citation format for secondary sources. As a legal reference librarian, my interest in legal citation is more researchfocused than anything. Should one or two section symbols be used in an et seq. Besides federal and state statutes, there are local laws usually known as ordinances. Apr 03, 2020 while you generally will not cite to an alr annotation, rule 16. Boston college law school professor richard albert responded to my question and, with his. It is commonly used by lawyers to include numbered lists, pages or sections after the first number is stated, as in the rules of the road are found in vehicle code section 1204, et seq.
Statutes library guides at university of missouri libraries. In the reference list entry, give the popular or official name of the act if any and the year of the act. Print california statutes are kept uptodate by supplements softcover pamphlets inserted in the back of each volume pocket parts or placed next to. Findlaw codes are provided courtesy of thomson reuters westlaw, the industryleading online legal research system. Bluebooking california statutes bluebooking and legal. Citations to cases and other authorities in all documents filed in the courts must be in the style established by either. In a diverse and rapidly changing legal profession, the bluebook continues to provide a systematic method by which members of the profession communicate important information to one another about the sources and legal authorities upon. Prior history is cited only if the attorney wishes to alert the reader to what happened at the lower court level. Cite to the name of the sourcedictionary, page number if pinpoint citing, edition and year. The bluebook system, however, is subject to the exceptions set forth in this manual. For further information on state statutes, please click here.
If you translate a lot of bibliographies, you will have to decide how to write page references in english. Oct 11, 2019 bluebook rule 12 covers how statutes should be cited in legal documents. The scope of the indigo book s coverage is roughly equivalent to the bluebook s bluepagesthat is, the indigo book covers legal citation for u. This section provides a brief guide to frequently used bluebook citation rules and sets out several exceptions.
The doctor also informs the patient of any limitations on activities that should be observed while on the medication. Federal statutes bluebook guide guides at georgetown law. The title, section, and text of the statute are almost always identical no matter which version you use but, to find the correct year, you will. Generations of law students, lawyers, scholars, judges, and other legal professionals have relied on the bluebooks unique system of citation in their writing. An abbreviation for the latin et sequentes or et sequentia, meaning and the following. The scope of the indigo books coverage is roughly equivalent to the bluebooks bluepagesthat is, the indigo book covers legal citation for u. This is done by stating where the reference information can be found, and such references, or citations, can add a significant amount of extra material to the document. Essentially the order of signals is supporting, comparative, contradictory, and general background. In a diverse and rapidly changing legal profession, the bluebook continues to provide a systematic method by which members of the profession communicate important information to one another about the sources and legal. University of illinois law prof christine hurt adds her two cents about the bbs unfairness to solo blogs complete with a link to her paper analyzing the 18th edition. The 6th edition of the publication manual of the american psychological association 2010 outlines the citation style for legal materials in the appendix to chapter 7 pp.
Otherwise, two section symbols should be used for et seq. Payment of the penalty is due when a final order is issued or when the notice becomes a final order. If you arent certain the words or terms of art that describe your topic you. Im really interested in this and i plan to post much more in the future. Bluebook rule 12 covers how statutes should be cited in legal documents. Do underline or italicize complete works books, newsletters, magazines, newspapers, movie titles, etc.
At asl, the primary source for rules regarding legal citation is the. Like federal laws, state laws are available in three basic formats. A uniform system of citation exemplifies hypertrophy in the anthropological sense. California code, business and professions code bpc. Be sure to consult the bluebook for specifics in general, cite to the authors, title of the article in italics, volume number of the source, title of the source i. Commonly used in legal citations to refer to statutes that comprise several sequential sections of a code of statutes e. Below are examples based on the 18th edition of the bluebook. My relationship with the bluebook goes back to when i was a firstyear law student in 2004. Always consult the bluebook for additional information. Citing legal materials in apa style university library.
As mentioned previously, the current edition of the united states code is updated in print with an annual supplement. This relation can be supportive, comparative, or contradictory. California style manual for many years, the california style manual has served as the official guide for styling citations to legal materials in documents filed with state courts in california. Federal statutes bluebook guide guides at georgetown. There are many permutations of citing to legal periodicals. Claudia catalano, annotation, unlawful access under stored communications act, 18 u. The bluebook does a pretty good job of giving examples of the particular statute you may be citing. Liability for overtime work performed prior to july 20, 1949. Signals are important because they indicate how a cited authority relates to the text.
Weve previously looked at citing cases with this system, but today well move on to using bluebook referencing to cite federal statutes. For many years, the california style manual has served as the official guide for styling citations to legal materials in documents filed with state courts in california. The bluebook specifically prohibits the use of et seq. Jul 19, 2019 the precise format of a statutory citation depends on a number of factors. Bluebook legal referencing citing federal statutes. To send a reader to several statues, one may use the following form under bluebook rules.
Citing statutes bluebook guide guides at georgetown law. The governor has fifteen days to act on a bill if it is sent during the legislative session. Legal writers must reveal all subsequent case history occurring in a higher court. The united states code annotated and united states code service are also updated in print with supplements or pocket parts small pamphlets inserted in the back of a volume if a particular statute has been amended or a new statute is enacted. For more help and explanations, consult the latest edition of the bluebook. While you generally will not cite to an alr annotation, rule 16. I did include a link to the committees page at the end of the post tom. Generations of law students, lawyers, scholars, judges, and other legal professionals have relied on the bluebook s unique system of citation in their writing. Fair labor standards lii legal information institute. Additionally, the regulations governing the pharmacist who fills the prescription provide another safeguard against misuse of a controlled substance. Gwu law prof daniel solove weighs in with this blog post on his pet bb peeves. The bluebook sets out uniform conventions for referencing legal documents, so anyone studying us law will want to be familiar with the bluebook system. There have been moments of love and moments of hate, but mostly, as someone who appreciates order, structure, and rules, love.
Et seq legal definition of et seq legal dictionary. Any penalty imposed pursuant to this section may be recovered with costs in a summary proceeding commenced by the commissioner pursuant to the penalty enforcement law of 1999, p. A uniform system of citation, kept at the reference desk kf 245. Introductory signals and citation structure signals indicate the degree of support given by cited authority. For court decisions, statutes, codes and other legal publications, apa uses the formats outlined in the bluebook. To find the year, locate the volume that includes your statute and then use in order of preference the year on the spine, then the year on the title page, then the year r12. For further information on state statutes, please click here consult the blue pages, rule b12, if you are writing a brief. There are also two unofficial codes for federal statutes. The indigo book isnt the same as the bluebook, but it does implement the same uniform system of citation that the bluebook does. Germany does not have an equivalent to the bluebook citation system, or really any standardized system of legal citation at all as far as i know.
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